• Species Reactivity

  Human, Mouse, Rat

• Specificity

  Detects human, mouse, and rat RAGE in Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 2% cross-reactivity with recombinant canine RAGE is observed.

• Source

  Polyclonal Goat IgG

• Purification

  Antigen Affinity-purified

• Immunogen

  Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant mouse RAGE    
  Gln24-Ala342    
  Accession # O35444

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.  

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Western Blot

  0.1-1 µg/mL

  See below

• 
  

• Immunohistochemistry

  5-15 µg/mL

  See below

• 
  

• Blockade of Receptor-ligand Interaction

  In a functional ELISA, 15-35 µg/mL of this antibody will block 50% of the binding of 500 ng/mL of biotinylated AGE-BSA to immobilized Recombinant Mouse RAGE Fc Chimera (Catalog # ) coated at 5 µg/mL (100 µL/well). At 166 μg/mL, this antibody will block >90% of the binding.

• 
  

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Examples

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: RAGE

Advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) are adducts formed by the non-enzymatic glycation or oxidation of macromolecules (1). AGE forms during aging and its formation is accelerated under pathophysiologic states such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, renal failure and immune/inflammatory disorders. Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endoproducts (RAGE), named for its ability to bind AGE, is a multiligand receptor belonging the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. Besides AGE, RAGE binds amyloid beta -peptide, S100/calgranulin family proteins, high mobility group B1 (HMGB1, also know as amphoterin) and leukocyte integrins (1, 2).

The mouse RAGE gene encodes a 403 amino acid (aa) residue type I transmembrane glycoprotein with a 22 aa signal peptide, a 319 aa extracellular domain containing a Ig-like V-type domain and two Ig-like Ce-type domains, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 41 aa cytoplasmic domain (3). The V-type domain and the cytoplasmic domain are important for ligand binding and for intracellular signaling, respectively. Two alternative splice variants, lacking the V-type domain or the cytoplasmic tail, are known (1, 4). RAGE is highly expressed in the embryonic central nervous system (5). In adult tissues, RAGE is expressed at low levels in multiple tissues including endothelial and smooth muscle cells, mononuclear phagocytes, pericytes, microglia, neurons, cardiac myocytes, and hepatocytes (6). The expression of RAGE is upregulated upon ligand interaction. Depending on the cellular context and interacting ligand, RAGE activation can trigger differential signaling pathways that affect divergent pathways of gene expression (1, 7). RAGE activation modulates varied essential cellular responses (including inflammation, immunity, proliferation, cellular adhesion, and migration) that contribute to cellular dysfunction associated with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, amyloidoses, and immune or inflammatory disorders (1).

• References:

1. Schmidt, A. et al. (2001) J. Clin. Invest. 108:949.

2. Chavakis, T. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 198:507.

3. Renard, C. et al. (1997) Mol. Pharmacol. 52:54.

4. Yonekura, H. et al. (2003) Biochem. J. 370:1097.

5. Hori, O. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:25752.

6. Brett, J. et al. (1993) Am. J. Pathol. 143:1699.

7. Valencia, J.V. et al. (2004) Diabetes 53:743.

• Long Name:

  Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  177 (Human); 11596 (Mouse); 81722 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  AGER; EC 2.7.11.22; MOK protein kinase; MOKMAPK/MAK/MRK overlapping kinase; RAGE; RAGE-1; RAGE1renal cell carcinoma antigen (MOK protein kinase); Renal tumor antigen 1; renal tumor antigen