• Species Reactivity

  Human

• Specificity

  Detects human Connexin 43/GJA1. Stains human Connexin 43/GJA1 transfectants but not irrelevant transfectants in flow cytometry.

• Source

  Monoclonal Mouse IgG    _2A Clone # 578618

• Purification

  Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

• Immunogen

  Mouse myeloma cell line NS0 transfected with human Connexin 43/GJA1    
  Accession # P17302

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Flow Cytometry

  2.5 µg/10    ⁶ cells

  See below

• 
  

• CyTOF-ready

  Ready to be labeled using established conjugation methods. No BSA or other carrier proteins that could interfere with conjugation.

• 
  

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Examples

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Sterile PBS to a final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Connexin 43/GJA1

Connexin43 (Cx43; also gap junction alpha -1 protein) is a 41 - 44 kDa member of the connexin family, alpha -type subfamily, of transmembrane proteins. It is the most common type of connexin in cardiac muscle cells, and also occurs in hepatocytes, astrocytes and ovary granulosa cells. It is a 4-transmembrane protein 382 amino acids (aa) in length that contains two cytoplasmic tails. One is 12 aa in length at the N-terminus and the second is 151 aa in length at the C-terminus. Human and rat Cx43 are 98% aa identical over the entire length of the molecule. Connexins form gap junctions (GJs) which are intercellular channels between cells. Each adjacent cell contributes to a functional channel. The fundamental unit is a “connexon”, or hemi-channel, which is composed of six connexins in a sliding subunit hexamer configuration. The hexamer may be either homomeric or heteromeric. The connexon arrangement provides for the opening and closing of an intersubunit space (or pore) that allows diffusion of molecules 1 kDa or less. It is suggested that the extended C-terminus of each connexin may interact with multiple docking proteins and serve as a plug during closure. Connexons on adjacent cells interact via their extracellular loops to form a GJ channel. When open, these channels allow for the transit of small hydrophilic molecules such as ATP, glucose, IP3 and Ca++. Connexons (or hemi-channels) that do not interact with adjacent cells are also suggested to allow for small molecule transit under unusual circumstances. Cx43 activity is regulated by phosphorylation. The exact effects, however, may be context-specific. In one case, PKC phosphorylation of S368 has been found to decrease GJ channel permeability to select small molecular weight solutes. Alternatively, PKA has been suggested to be the mediator of Cx43 phosphorylation of S365, S368, S369 and S373. In this case, phosphorylation promotes channel activity.

• References:

1. Sohl, G. and K. Willecke (2004) Cardiovasc. Res. 62:228.

2. Willecke, K. et al. (2002) Biol. Chem. 383:725.

3. Giepmans, B.N.G. (2004) Cardiovasc. Res. 62:233.

4. Vinken, M. et al. (2006) Cell. Signal. 18:592.

5. Stout, C. et al. (2004) Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 16:507.

6. Bao, X. et al. (2004) Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol. 286:C647.

7. Yogo, K. et al. (2006) J. Reprod. Dev. 52:321.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  2697 (Human)

• Alternate Names:

  Connexin 43; connexin-43; CX43; CX43gap junction protein, alpha-like; DFNB38; Gap junction 43 kDa heart protein; gap junction alpha-1 protein; gap junction protein, alpha 1, 43kDa (connexin 43); gap junction protein, alpha 1, 43kDa; GJA1; GJAL; HSS; ODD; ODDD; ODOD; SDTY3