• Purity

  >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to chemoattract human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) cultured in the presence of IL-2 for 21 days. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 0.1‑0.3 µg/mL. Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with mouse CXCR3. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 0.1 - 0.5 µg/mL.

• Source

  E. coli-derived Thr22-Thr126

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Thr22

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  12 kDa

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: CXCL9/MIG

CXCL9, also known as MIG, is a member of the alpha  subfamily of chemokines that lacks the ELR domain, and was initially identified as a lymphokine-activated gene in mouse macrophages. Human CXCL9 was subsequently cloned using mouse CXCL9 cDNA as a probe. The CXCL9 gene is induced in macrophages and in primary glial cells of the central nervous system specifically in response to IFN-gamma. CXCL9 has been shown to be a chemoattractant for activated T-lymphocytes and TIL but not for neutrophils or monocytes. The mouse CXCL9 cDNA encodes a 126 amino acid residue precursor protein with a 21 amino acid residue signal peptide that is cleaved to yield a 105 amino acid residue mature protein. CXCL9 has an extended carboxy-terminus containing greater than 50% basic amino acid residues and is larger than most other chemokines. The carboxy-terminal residues of CXCL9 are prone to proteolytic cleavage resulting in size heterogeneity of natural and recombinant CXCL9. CXCL9 with large carboxy-terminal deletions have been shown to have diminished activity in the calcium flux assay. A chemokine receptor (CXCR3) specific for CXCL9 and IP-10 has been cloned and shown to be highly expressed in IL-2-activated T-lymphocytes. The E. coli-expressed CXCL9 produced at R&D Systems has been shown to contain greater than 80% full length CXCL9.

• References:

1. Loetscher, M. et al. (1996) J. Exp. Med. 184:963.

2. Liao, F. et al. (1995) J. Exp. Med. 182:1301.

3. Vanguri, P. (1995) J. Neuroimmunol. 56:35.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  4283 (Human); 17329 (Mouse); 246759 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9; CMK; crg-10; C-X-C motif chemokine 9; CXCL9; Gamma-interferon-induced monokine; Humig; MIG; MIGSmall-inducible cytokine B9; monokine induced by gamma interferon; SCYB9Monokine induced by interferon-gamma