• Species Reactivity

  Human

• Specificity

  Detects human IL‑31 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, no cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IL‑31 is observed.

• Source

  Monoclonal Mouse IgG    ₁ Clone # 308202

• Purification

  Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

• Immunogen

  E. coli-derived recombinant human IL-31    
  Ser24-Thr164    
  Accession # Q6EBC2

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Western Blot

  1 µg/mL

  Recombinant Human IL‑31 (Catalog # )

• 
  

• Immunocytochemistry

  8-25 µg/mL

  Immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

• 
  

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IL-31

Human Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is a 24 kDa, short-chain member of the alpha -helical family of cytokines. The human IL-31 cDNA encodes a 164 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 23 aa signal peptide and a 141 aa mature protein (1, 2). The mature region shows four alpha ‑helices which would be expected to show a typical up‑up‑down‑down topology. Human and mouse IL-31 share 24% aa sequence identity in the mature region (1). IL-31 is mainly associated with activated T cells and preferentially expressed by Th2 rather than Th1 cells. IL-31 signals via a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a 120 kDa, gp130-related molecule termed IL‑31 RA (also GPL and GLM‑R) and the 180 kDa oncostatin M receptor (OSM R beta ) (2‑6). In the complex, IL-31 directly binds to GPL, not OSM R (2, 3). IL-31 signaling has been shown to involve the Jak/STAT pathway, the PI3 kinase/AKT cascade, and the MAP kinase pathway (2‑5). Although multiple isoforms of IL-31 RA are known, only a form that contains the entire length of the cytoplasmic domain is signaling-capable (2, 3). The IL-31 receptor is constitutively expressed by keratinocytes and up‑regulated by IFN-gamma on monocytes (1). Studies using transgenic mice indicate that IL-31 may contribute to the pruritis (itching) associated with nonatopic dermatitis (1, 7).

• References:

1. Dillon, S.R. et al. (2004) Nat. Immunol. 5:752.

2. Diveu, C. et al. (2004) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 15:291.

3. Dreuw, A. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:36112.

4. Diveu, C. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:49850.

5. Ghilardi, N. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem 277:16831.

6. Mosley, B. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:32635.

7. Takaoka, A. et al. (2005) Eur. J. Pharmacol. 516:180.

• Long Name:

  Interleukin 31

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  386653 (Human); 76399 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  IL31; IL-31; IL-31interleukin-31; interleukin 31