• Species Reactivity

  Human

• Specificity

  Detects human TL1A/TNFSF15 in direct ELISAs and Western blots.    
   

• Source

  Recombinant Monoclonal Rabbit IgG Clone # 2116D

• Purification

  Protein A or G purified from cell culture supernatant

• Immunogen

  E. coli-derived recombinant human TL1A/TNFSF15    
  Leu72-Leu251    
  Accession # O95150

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.  

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Western Blot

  1 µg/mL

  See below

• 
  

• Immunohistochemistry

  0.3-25 µg/mL

  See below

• 
  

• Neutralization

  Measured by its ability to neutralize TL1A/TNFSF15-induced apoptosis in the TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cell line. The Neutralization Dose (ND    ₅₀) is typically 0.04-0.2 ug/mL in the presence of 80 ng/mL Recombinant Human TL1A/TNFSF15.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Examples

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: TL1A/TNFSF15

TL1A is a type II transmembrane protein belonging to the TNF superfamily and has been designated TNF superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15). Human TL1A is a 251 aa protein consisting of a 35 aa cytoplasmic domain, a 24 aa transmembrane region and a 192 aa C-terminal extracellular domain. It is a longer variant of the previously cloned TL1 (also known as VEGI) that is possibly a cloning artifact. TL1A is predominantly expressed in endothelial cells and its expression is inducible by TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha. TL1A binds with high affinity to death receptor 3 (DR3), which is now designated TNF receptor superfamily member 25 (TNFRSF25). DR3 was formerly designated TNFRSF12 when it was thought to be the receptor for TWEAK/TNFSF12. DR3 is expressed primarily on activated T cells. Depending on the cell context, ligation of DR3 by TL1A can trigger one of two signaling pathways, activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B or activation of caspases and apoptosis. On primary T cells, TL1A induces NF-kappa-B activation and a costimulatory signal to increase IL-2 responsiveness and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. However, in a tumor cell line, TF-1, TL1A has been shown to induce caspase activity and apoptosis. These effects of TL1A are blocked by the secreted, soluble decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), also known as TR6 and TNFRSF6B, which compete with DR3 for binding to TL1A. Consistent with the observed in vitro activities, TL1A promotes ex vivo splenocyte expansion and enhances in vivo graft-versus-host-response.

• References:

1. Migone, T.S. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:479.

• Long Name:

  TNF-like 1

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  9966 (Human); 326623 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  MGC129934; MGC129935; TL1A; TL1Vascular endothelial cell growth inhibitor; TNF superfamily ligand TL1A; TNFSF15; tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 15; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15; vascular endothelial growth inhibitor-192A; VEGI; VEGI192A; VEGITNF ligand-related molecule 1