• Species Reactivity

  Mouse

• Specificity

  Detects mouse Galectin-4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, approximately 35% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) Galectin-4, approximately 5% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) Galectin-3, rmGalectin-7, and    
  rhGalectin-8, and less than 1% cross-reactivity with rmGalectin-1 and rhGalectin-2 is observed.

• Source

  Polyclonal Goat IgG

• Purification

  Antigen Affinity-purified

• Immunogen

  E. coli-derived recombinant mouse Galectin-4    
  Ala2-Ile326    
  Accession # Q8K419

• Formulation

  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.  

• Label

  Unconjugated

Applications

• 
  

  Recommended    
  Concentration

  Sample

• Western Blot

  0.1 µg/mL

  Recombinant Mouse Galectin‑4 (Catalog # )

• 
  

• Immunohistochemistry

  5-15 µg/mL

  Perfusion fixed frozen sections of mouse small intestine

• 
  

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.  are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Preparation and Storage

• Reconstitution

  Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

• Shipping

  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

• Stability & Storage

  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.    

• 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.

• 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Galectin-4

Galectins are a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins with specificity for N-acetyl-lactosamine-containing glycoproteins. At least 14 mammalian galectins share structural similarities in their carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD), forming three groups often termed prototype (one CRD), tandem-repeat (two CRDs) and chimeric (one CRD, unique N-terminus) (1, 2). All lack classical signal peptides, but are present and active both within and outside of the cell. Galectins are involved in cell adhesion, migration, survival, and apoptosis, and are often up- or down-regulated in cancer (1-3). Galectin-4 is a 36 kDa tandem-repeat galectin found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, but also present in well-differentiated breast and liver carcinomas (3, 4). Each CRD binds a different set of carbohydrate groups, including those found on erythrocyte blood group antigens (3, 5). CRD1 also binds cholesterol 3-sulfate and other sulfatides, which are concentrated within lipid raft membrane microdomains (6, 7). Endocytosed Galectin-4 is thought to play a role in forming the rafts, delivering them to the intestinal apical membrane, and stabilizing highly detergent-resistant "superrafts" (7-9). Human Galectin-4 shares 76%, 77%, 78%, and 80% amino acid (aa) identity with mouse, rat, bovine, and porcine Galectin-4, respectively, with the highest identity occurring within the CRDs. A potential splice variant begins at aa 132 and lacks most of the first CRD (10). Galectin-4 expression is concentrated within microvilli in the gastrointestinal epithelium, where it can interact with CD3 and bind activated T cells in the lamina propria during intestinal inflammation (11, 12). Either pro- or anti-inflammatory activity has been shown, depending on the mouse model used. Galectin-4 can also bind lung, spleen, and kidney macrophages, although its expression is normally low in these tissues (5).

• References:

1. Yang, R-Y. et al. (2008) Expert Rev. Mol. Med. 10:e17.

2. Elola, M.T. et al. (2007) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 64:1679.

3. Huflejt, M.E. and H. Leffler (2004) Glycoconj. J. 20:247.

4. Recreche, H. et al. (1997) Eur. J. Biochem. 248:225.

5. Markova, V. et al. (2006) Int. J. Mol. Med. 18:65.

6. Ideo, H. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:21081.

7. Delacour, D. et al. (2005) J. Cell Biol. 169:491.

8. Braccia, A. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:15679.

9. Stechly, L. et al. (2009) Traffic 10:438.

10. Entrez accession # EAW56820.

11. Hokama, A. et al. (2004) Immunity 20:681.

12. Paclik, D. et al. (2008) PLoS ONE 3:e2629.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  3960 (Human); 16855 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  Antigen NY-CO-27; GAL4; gal-4; galectin 4; Galectin4; Galectin-4; L-36 lactose-binding protein; L36LBP; Lactose-binding lectin 4; lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 4; LGALS4