• Purity

  >85%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human TLR10 Fc Chimera is immobilized at 1 µg/mL (100 µL/well), the concentration of Recombinant Human TLR1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # ) that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is approximately 0.5‑3 µg/mL.

• Source

  Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived

  Human TLR10 (Asp20-Thr576) Accession # Q9BXR5	IEGRMD	Human IgG1 (Pro100-Lys330)
  N-terminus		C-terminus

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Asp20

• Structure / Form

  Disulfide-linked homodimer

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  91.2 kDa (monomer)

• SDS-PAGE

  115-135 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: TLR10

TLR10 (Toll‑like receptor 10, designated CD290) is a 90‑100 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is a member of the TLR1 subfamily within the TLR family of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) receptors (1‑3). Human TLR10 is synthesized as a precursor with a 19 amino acid (aa) signal sequence, an extracellular domain (ECD, aa 20‑576) with 15 or more leucine‑rich repeats (LRR), an LRRCT (LRR C‑terminal) domain and nine potential sites for N‑linked glycosylation, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic region (aa 598‑811) with a TIR (Toll/IL‑1 receptor) domain (1, 3). Human TLR10 shares 71%, 81%, 82% and 83% aa sequence identity with rat, bovine, porcine and canine TLR10, respectively. The mouse TLR10 gene is nonfunctional (2). TLR10 is expressed on B cells and cell lines, except for early pre‑B cells, and is more highly expressed on activated than resting cells (2, 4). It is also expressed on FOXP3  ⁺ regulatory T cells, placental trophoblasts, and CD1a  ⁺ and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC), but not on monocyte‑derived DC (2, 5, 6). Among PAMPs, TLR10 is thought to recognize triacylated bacterial lipoproteins (as demonstrated by recognition of the synthetic molecule Pam  ₃CSK  ₄), gram positive bacterial peptidoglycans, and other microbially-derived agonists shared with TLR1 (3, 6, 7). It is found as a homodimer or heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR2, associating through a region within the extracellular LRR repeats (2, 3, 7). It interacts directly with MYD88, leading to production of inflammatory cytokines (2, 7).

• References:

1. Chuang, T. and R.J. Ulevitch (2001) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1518:157.

2. Hasan, U. et al. (2005) J. Immunol. 174:2942.

3. Govindaraj, R.G. et al. (2010) PLoS ONE 5:e12713.

4. Bourke, E. et al. (2003) Blood 102:956.

5. Bell, M.P. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 79:1893.

6. Mulla, M.J. et al. (2013) Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 69:449.

7. Guan, Y. et al. (2010) J. Immunol. 184:5094.

• Long Name:

  Toll-like Receptor 10

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  81793 (Human)

• Alternate Names:

  CD290 antigen; CD290; MGC104967; MGC126398; MGC126399; TLR10; toll-like receptor 10