• Purity

  >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to enhance survival of E16-E18 rat embryonic cortical neurons.

  The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.6-2.4 μg/mL.

  Measured by its ability to enhance neurite outgrowth of E16-E18 rat embryonic cortical neurons. Optimal neurite outgrowth is observed between 1.25-10 μg/mL. 

• Source

  Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived Gly28-His367, with a C-terminal 6-His tag

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Starts at Gly28

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  39.5 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  50-65 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: AMIGO

AMIGO (amphoterin-induced gene and ORF) is an approximately 75 kDa transmembrane cell adhesion protein. It belongs to a family of leucine‑rich repeat (LRR) containing proteins that play various roles in nervous system development and function (1). Mature human AMIGO consists of a 345 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD) with six tandem LRRs flanked by LRR N- and C‑terminal domains, one immunoglobulin‑like domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 100 aa cytoplasmic domain (2). Within the ECD, human AMIGO shares 86% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat AMIGO. AMIGO is an N‑glycosylated protein that forms homodimers by association between LRR regions (3, 4). It interacts homophilically as well as heterophilically with the related AMIGO2 and AMIGO3 proteins (2). AMIGO is expressed along developing and mature neuronal fiber tracts on neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes (2, 4). It promotes the extension and branching of hippocampal and cortical neurons (2, 4). It also supports neuronal survival following apoptotic stimulation (4). AMIGO directly associates with the potassium channel Kv2.1 and enhances ion conductance through the channel (5). Kv2.1 localization and activation is regulated by phosphorylation, but phosphorylation status does not alter its interaction with AMIGO (5, 6).

• References:

1. de Wit, J. et al. (2011) Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 27:697.

2. Kuja-Panula, J. et al. (2003) J. Cell Biol. 160:963.

3. Kajander, T. et al. (2011) J. Mol. Biol. 413:1001.

4. Chen, Y. et al. (2012) J. Cell. Physiol. 227:2217.

5. Peltola, M.A. et al. (2011) EMBO Rep. 12:1293.

6. Park, K.-S. et al. (2006) Science 313:976.

• Long Name:

  Amphoterin-induced Gene and ORF

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  57463 (Human); 229715 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  adhesion molecule with Ig-like domain 1; ali2; Alivin-2; AMIGO; AMIGO1; AMIGO-1; AMIGOamphoterin-induced protein 1; amphoterin-induced gene and ORF; KIAA1163