• Purity

  >95%, by SDS-PAGE with silver staining

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to bind all-trans-retinoic acid. The concentration of all-trans    -retinoic acid required to quench 50% of Trp fluorescence in Recombinant Mouse Lipocalin-13 is approximately 3-18 µM.

• Source

  E. coli-derived Ala19-Asp176

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Ala19

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  18 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  18 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: Lipocalin-13

Recombinant Mouse Lipocalin-13, also known as Odorant-Binding Protein 2a, is a member of the Lipocalin family of small secreted proteins, which are involved in a variety of biological processes including chemical communication, cell proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, reproduction, immune responses, and cancer development (1). Members of this family share a highly-conserved tertiary structure with a characteristic beta -barrel at the center (1). This central cavity binds to small lipophilic molecules, including fatty acids, retinol, steroids, odorants, and pheromones, allowing Lipocalins to regulate the transportation, stability, release, and activity of these molecules (1). Mouse Lipocalin-13 is synthesized as a 176 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 19 aa signal sequence and a 157 aa mature region. It has been suggested that the Lipocalin-13 precursor undergoes proteolytic processing because two isoforms with molecular weights between 20 and 29 kDa have been identified on SDS-PAGE (2). Mature mouse Lipocalin-13 shares 69% and 36% aa sequence identity with the rat and human orthologs, respectively.

Lipocalin-13 is expressed and secreted by multiple tissues in mice including liver, pancreas, and skeletal muscle (2). It has been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism (2, 3). Lipocalin-13 deficiency is associated with obesity and is thought to contribute to hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis in obese mice (2, 3). Additionally, Lipocalin-13 has been shown to have anti-diabetogenic effects. It suppresses hepatic glucose production, uptake of circulating glucose by adipocytes, and induction of fatty acid oxidation by liver, possibly by stimulating CPT-1 alpha production (1-3)

• References:

1. Zhou, Y. and L. Rui (2013) Vitam. Horm. 91:369.

2. Cho, K.W. et al. (2011) Mol. Cell. Biol. 31:450.

3. Sheng, L. et al. (2011) J. Biol. Chem. 286:38128.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  227627 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  LCN13; Lipocalin13; Lipocalin-13; Obp2a