• Purity

  >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured in a cell proliferation assay using HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Conn, G.     et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA     87:1323. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 15‑75 ng/mL.

• Source

  E. coli-derived

  Human VEGF (Ala27-Arg191) Accession # AAM03108

  Human PlGF (Ala21-Arg149) Accession # AAD30179
  N-terminus	C-terminus

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Ala27 (VEGF) & Ala21 (PlGF)    
   

• Structure / Form

  Disulfide-linked heterodimer

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  28 kDa

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: VEGF/PlGF Heterodimer

The disulfide-linked homodimeric proteins vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placenta growth factor (PlGF) are both members of the VEGF family of growth factors. VEGF and PlGF proteins share primary structural as well as limited amino acid sequence homology with the A and B chains of PDGF. All eight cysteine residues involved in intra- and inter-chain disulfides are conserved among these growth factors. In their PDGF-like regions, VEGF and PlGF also share approximately 53% amino acid sequence similarity. E. coli-expressed monomers of PlGF and VEGF can be refolded in vitro to form PlGF/VEGF heterodimers. The purified recombinant VEGF/PlGF heterodimers and VEGF homodimers have potent mitogenic effects on endothelial cells. However, VEGF/PlGF heterodimers display approximately 50-fold less mitogenic activity than VEGF homodimers. In contrast, PlGF homodimers have little or no mitogenic effect on endothelial cells. The presence of natural VEGF/PlGF heterodimers in the conditioned media of a number of human tumor cell lines has been demonstrated using a VEGF/PlGF heterodimer specific ELISA.

• Long Name:

  Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Placenta Growth Factor Heterodimer

• Alternate Names:

  VEGF/PlGF Heterodimer