• Purity

  >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized recombinant mouse IL-36 alpha at 1 µg/mL (100 µL/well) can bind recombinant mouse IL-1 Rrp2 (Catalog # 2354-RP) with a linear range of 0.15 ‑ 5 µg/mL.

• Source

  E. coli-derived Met1-His160

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Met1

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  21 kDa

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: IL-36 alpha/IL-1F6

Mouse  interleukin‑36 alpha [IL‑36 alpha ; previously IL‑1F6 and also named FIL‑1 epsilon (epsilon)] is a member of the IL‑1 family of proteins (1 ‑ 3, 7). IL‑1 family members include IL‑1 beta, IL‑1 alpha, IL‑1ra, IL‑18, IL‑36Ra/IL‑1F5, IL‑37/IL‑1F7, IL‑36 beta /IL‑1F8, IL‑36 gamma /IL‑1F9 and IL‑1F10 (4, 7). All family members show a 12 beta ‑strand, beta ‑trefoil configuration, and all family members are believed to have arisen from a common ancestral gene that has undergone multiple duplications (4). IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6 is synthesized as a 160 amino acid (aa) protein that contains no signal sequence, no prosegment and no potential N‑linked glycosylation site(s) (2, 5). It appears to be actively secreted (1). When found in cell lysates, it presents as an 18 kDa monomer (2). Mouse to human, full length IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6 has 54% aa identity. Within the family, IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6 is 29% aa identical to IL‑1ra, and 32%, 32%, 34%, 41%, and 28% aa identical to IL‑1 beta, IL‑36Ra/IL‑1F5, IL‑36 beta /IL‑1F8, IL‑36 gamma /IL‑1F9 and IL‑1F10, respectively. Cells reported to express IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6 include monocytes, B cells and T cells (1, 4). Notably, IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6 is the only novel IL‑1 family member found to be expressed on T cells. The receptor for IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6 is reported to be a combination of IL‑1 Rrp2 and IL‑1 RAcP (6). Recombinant IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6, along with IL‑36 beta /IL‑1F8 and IL‑36 gamma /IL‑1F9, has been shown to act as an agonist by activating the pathway involving NF‑ kappa B and MAPK in an IL‑1 Rrp2 dependent manner. This suggests that IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6 may signal in similar fashion to IL‑1 and IL‑18 in having a binding receptor which upon ligation, recruits a second receptor as a signaling component, forming an active heterodimeric receptor complex.

• References:

1. Smith, D.E. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:1169.

2. Kumar, S. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:10308.

3. Nicklin, M.J.H. et al. (2002) Genomics. 79:718.

4. Dunn, E. et al. (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:533.

5. Debets, R. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:1440.

6. Towne, J.E. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:13677.

7. Dinarello, C. et al. (2010) Nat. Immunol. 11:973.

• Long Name:

  Interleukin 36 alpha/Interleukin 1 Family 6

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  27179 (Human); 54448 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  FIL1 epsilon; FIL1; FIL1(EPSILON); FIL1E; IL-1 epsilon; IL1(EPSILON); IL1E; IL-1E; IL-1F6 (FIL-1-epsilon); IL1F6; IL-1F6; IL36 alpha; IL-36 alpha; IL36A; interleukin 1 family, member 6 (epsilon); interleukin 1, epsilon; Interleukin 36, Alpha; Interleukin-1 epsilon; interleukin-1 family member 6; Interleukin-36 Alpha